Hyung Je Jo is an emeritus professor of social science at the University of Ulsan, South Korea. Jun Ho Jeong is a professor in the college of social sciences at Kangwon National University, South Korea. Chulsik Kim is an assistant professor in the division of social science at the Academy of Korean Studies, South Korea Lean Jun Ho Jeong is a professor in the college of social sciences at Kangwon National University, South Korea. Chulsik Kim is an assistant professor in the division of social science at the Academy of Korean Studies, South Korea